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黑木耳多糖的制备及其在功能性果冻中的应用
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惠瑶瑶(1995-),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:农产品加工,E-mail:19895321767@126.com 通讯作者:崔世修(1988-),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:发酵工程,E-mail:cuishixiu@jiangnan.edu.cn

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国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFF1106404)


Preparation of Polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula and its Application in Functional Jelly
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    摘要:

    为了延长黑木耳产业链,提高黑木耳的附加值,该文以黑木耳为原料,优化黑木耳多糖提取工艺,进一步对抗氧化和降糖降脂活性进行评价,并通过正交试验、质构特性、理化指标和微生物指标为评价指标研制出黑木耳多糖果冻。结果表明:黑木耳多糖最佳水提工艺为:提取温度80 ℃、提取时间3 h、料液比1:70(m/V),多糖得率为17.93%。质量浓度为2 mg•mL-1多糖对DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除率为60.34%和54.19%。质量浓度为10 mg•mL-1多糖对α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶和胰脂肪酶抑制作用分别为68.71%、63.99%和75.49%。5 mg•mL-1质量浓度的多糖在体外胃液和肠道环境中对油脂的吸附率分别为30.09%和32.66%。黑木耳多糖具有胆酸盐结合能力。正交试验优化的黑木耳多糖果冻配方为:木糖醇添加量15%(m/V),黑木耳多糖添加量0.5%(m/V),复合胶添加量0.5%(m/V),氯化钾0.2%(m/V),柠檬酸钾0.8%(m/V)。黑木耳多糖果冻质构特性与市售果冻接近,可溶性固形物含量为18.7%,微生物指标符合国家标准。该研究可为活性成分在果冻中的应用提供理论依据。

    Abstract:

    To extend the industrial chain of Auricularia auricula and increase its added value, this study used A. auricular as the raw material to optimize the A. auricula polysaccharide extraction process; evaluate the antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and lipid-lowering activities; and develop A. auricula polysaccharides jelly using orthogonal test, texture characteristics, physicochemical indexes and microbiological indexes as evaluation indicators. The result showed that when the extraction was performed with 1:70 (m/V) solid/liquid ratio at 80 ℃ for 3 h, the polysaccharide yield was 17.93%. The DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging rates of 2 mg•mL-1 polysaccharide were 60.34% and 54.19%, respectively. Moreover, the inhibition rates of 10 mg•mL-1 polysaccharide against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase reached 68.71%, 63.99%, and 75.49%, respectively. Additionally, 5 mg•mL-1 polysaccharide demonstrated 30.09% and 32.66% fat adsorption rates in simulated gastric and intestinal environments, respectively. A. auricula polysaccharides also exhibited bile acid binding capacity. The optimized formulation for the jelly developed through orthogonal testing included: 15% (m/V) xylan, 0.5% (m/V) A. auricula polysaccharides, 0.5% (m/V) composite gel, 0.2% (m/V) potassium chloride, and 0.8% (m/V) potassium citrate. The texture characteristics of A. auricula polysaccharide jelly were close to those of commercial jelly, the content of soluble solids was 18.7%, and the microbiological indexes conformed to national standards. This research provides theoretical support for applying active ingredients in jelly formulations.

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惠瑶瑶,徐义娟,张婷,王珊珊,杨聪,彭程程,崔世修.黑木耳多糖的制备及其在功能性果冻中的应用[J].现代食品科技,2026,42(6):265-276.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-07-08
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