Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease related to uric acid metabolism disorder and closely associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and kidney complications. With the improvement of people’s living standards and dietary habit change, hyperuricemia has become a globally prevalent metabolic disease. The "blue" active substances refer to marine organism-derived natural active compounds with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-hyperuricemia, anti-cancer, and anti-coagulant properties. Compared with clinical drugs, the "blue" active substances with anti-hyperuricemia activity have received widespread attention, owing to their advantages such as excellent activity, high safety, and few adverse effects. As various "blue" active substances, including polysaccharides, polyphenols, peptides and saponins, show anti-hyperuricemia activity. This article reviews the metabolic pathways of uric acid, functional models for screening and evaluation of uric acidlowering substances, and the structure, function and mechanism of "blue" substances with anti-hyperuricemia activity, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for development of anti-hyperuricemia functional foods.