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蜂蜡基灵芝多糖乳液凝胶体系构建及抗疲劳功能比较
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吴浩然(2001-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:微胶囊食品加工及检测,E-mail:whr010915@sina.cn 通讯作者:张勇(1985-),男,硕士,助教,研究方向:功能性食品,E-mail:36345823@qq.com;共同通讯作者:刘超(1982-),女,博士,教授,研究方向:生物活性物质及食品加工技术,E-mail:8908284@qq.com

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国家级大学生科技创新创业训练计划项目(202411439032号);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600903)


Construction of a Beeswax-based Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Emulsion gel System and Optimization of its Anti-fatigue Function
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    摘要:

    常见人造奶油因含有较高的反式脂肪,过量摄入会增加心脑血管患病率,为了改善这一现状,该研究选择蜂蜡作为壁材包埋灵芝多糖,开发一种具有抗疲劳作用的灵芝多糖乳液凝胶作为奶油改良剂。通过Zeta电位仪和激光颗粒度仪测定乳液凝胶特性,证实灵芝乳液凝胶具有良好的流变性和稳定性。通过单因素实验和响应面实验优化灵芝多糖包埋工艺,结果表明:PGPR添加量2.3%、油相占比58%、乳液温度76 ℃、均质时间5.7 min时,灵芝多糖包埋率达到最大值93.21%。植物奶油添加灵芝多糖乳液凝胶后,粒径减小,乳液的均匀性和稳定性显著提高(P<0.05);质构分析显示灵芝多糖乳液凝胶使植物奶油硬度提升22.58%,黏性提升9.23%,弹性提升18.42%,植物奶油硬度提高至14.28 gf;电位绝对值增加至28.26 mz,乳液凝胶的冻融稳定性良好。经动物实验验证,摄入灵芝多糖乳液凝胶的小鼠血尿素氮和全血乳酸含量水平升高,肝糖原水平降低,且呈剂量依赖性,乳液凝胶抗疲劳活性显著(P<0.05)。最终显示灵芝多糖乳液凝胶可改善植物奶油加工特性,并为未来健康食品的开发提供数据基础。

    Abstract:

    Common margarine contains high trans fats, and excessive consumption may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. To mitigate this, the present study used beeswax as a wall material to encapsulate Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) and developed a GLP emulsion gel with anti-fatigue effects as a cream improver. Properties of the GLP emulsion gel were determined using a zeta potential meter and laser granulometry, which confirmed that it had good rheology and stability. The GLP encapsulation process was optimized using single-factor and response surface methodology (RSM) experiments. Results showed that the GLP encapsulation rate reached a maximum value of 93.21% when the PGPR was 2.3%, the oil phase accounted for 58%, the emulsion temperature was 76 ℃, and the homogenization time was 5.7 min. Addition of the GLP emulsion gel to the plant cream resulted in a reduced particle size and significant increase in the homogeneity and stability of the emulsion. Texture analysis showed that plant cream hardness, viscosity, and elasticity increased by 22.58%, 9.23%, and 18.42%, respectively, with plant cream hardness reaching 14.28 gf. The absolute electrical potential increased to 28.26 mz, and the emulsion gel exhibited good freeze-thaw stability. Animal experiments confirmed that mice ingesting the GLP emulsion gel showed elevated blood urea nitrogen levels and whole blood lactic acid content and decreased hepatic glycogen levels in a dose-dependent manner, with significant anti-fatigue activity observed. These findings demonstrate that GLP emulsion gels can improve the processing characteristics of plant creams and provide support for future health food development.

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吴浩然,丁木淳,高鑫,路昊东,张勇,刘超.蜂蜡基灵芝多糖乳液凝胶体系构建及抗疲劳功能比较[J].现代食品科技,2026,42(3):54-63.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-13
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-04-08
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