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单宁酶优化绿茶浸提液品质的工艺比较
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申润凡(1998-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品质量安全控制,E-mail:Srunfan@163.com 通讯作者:尹淑涛(1984-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向:营养与食品安全,E-mail:yinshutao@cau.edu.cn

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Comparative Study on the Quality Optimization Process of Green Tea Extracts using Tannase
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    摘要:

    绿茶浸提液沉淀物中主要含有多酚。酚类物质和咖啡碱、蛋白质等大分子物质结合会造成茶溶液的冷后浑现象。沉淀物出现在绿茶浸提液中不仅影响产品外观,还会损害浸提液的口感和香气品质。其中主要与咖啡碱、蛋白质等结合的物质为酯型儿茶素表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epigallocatechin Gallate, EGCG)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epicatechin Gallate, ECG),酯型儿茶素因为具有更多的没食子酰基和羟基,相较于非酯型儿茶素更倾向于形成沉淀。本研究通过在茶浸提液的澄清步骤中添加单宁酶来改善滋味并降低冷后浑现象,通过单因素实验与正交实验结合的方法,得出单宁酶降低绿茶浸提液沉淀率的最佳工艺。结论为:在30 ℃温度条件下,单宁酶添加量0.15%(质量分数),酶解60 min的最佳工艺,此时得到的绿茶酶解液苦涩味轻、回甘程度高、沉淀量低。综上,添加了单宁酶的绿茶浸提液具有更好的口感。本研究探索出单宁酶优化绿茶浸提液品质的最佳工艺,为获得高品质的绿茶浸提液产品,满足市场需求提供了新思路。

    Abstract:

    Precipitates in green tea extracts mainly consist of polyphenols. The binding of phenolic substances with macromolecular substances such as caffeine and proteins lead to turbidity in tea infusions after cooling. Precipitates in green tea extracts adversely affect the appearance and reduce the taste and aroma quality of the product. In particular, ester catechins are the main substances that bind with caffeine and proteins. Examples are epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG). Ester catechins, which possess an increased number of galloyl and hydroxyl groups, exhibit a higher tendency to form precipitates than non-ester catechins. In this research, tannase was introduced during clarification of tea extracts to improve the taste and mitigate the turbidity after cooling. The optimal process to reduce precipitation of green tea extracts by the addition of tannase was obtained by combining single-factor and orthogonal experiments. The optimal conditions were as follows: temperature of 30 ℃, tannase concentration of 0.15% (m/m), and hydrolysis time of 60 min. The obtained green tea extract exhibited mild bitterness and astringency, pronounced aftertaste, and minimal precipitation. In conclusion, tannase addition resulted in improved taste of the green tea extracts. This research identified the optimal processing conditions to enhance the quality of green tea extracts using tannase. The findings of this study provide insights into the production of highquality green tea extract products that meet market demand.

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申润凡,马泽祥,尹淑涛.单宁酶优化绿茶浸提液品质的工艺比较[J].现代食品科技,2025,41(9):112-120.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-21
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-10-29
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