Following construction of a BPA-induced MCF-7 cell proliferation model, the effects of royal jelly products fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum N1 on the viability, migration ability, invasion ability, as well as cell cycle and apoptosis of the cells were evaluated. BPA-MCF-7 cells were divided into blank, control, and treatment groups to determine the effect of fermented royal jelly on cell viability, migration and invasion abilities, and cell cycle and apoptosis of BPAMCF-7 cells. Changes in hypoglycemic activity of royal jelly before and after fermentation were also examined by measuring in vivo and in vitro hypoglycemic activities. Comparison between the treatment groups and control group revealed that treatment with both unfermented and fermented royal jelly reduced the proliferation of BPA-MCF-7 cells. Fermented royal jelly markedly inhibited the growth of BPA-MCF-7 cells. In addition, the migration and invasion rates of cells treated with fermented royal jelly were 67.06% and 79.00%, respectively, indicating inhibition of cell invasion and migration. Flow cytometric results showed that fermented royal jelly induced apoptosis of BPA-MCF-7 cells, mainly by arresting the cells in G2/M phase. In vivo hypoglycemic activity experiments in zebrafish demonstrated that fermented royal jelly exhibited stronger hypoglycemic activity than unfermented royal jelly. Collectively, fermented royal jelly can induce apoptosis of BPAMCF-7 cells, displaying strong anticancer activity and high hypoglycemic activity. These findings offer a theoretical basis for future research and application of royal jelly.