Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by a green method employing macadamia green peel polyphenol, and the effects of the mass concentration of macadamia green peel polyphenol and reaction time on the synthesis of the silver nanoparticles were evaluated. The synthesized AgNPs were structurally characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nanoparticle size and zeta potential analyses, as well as transmission electron microscopy. The conditions for the synthesis of the AgNPs using macadamia green peel polyphenol were as follows: mass concentration of macadamia green peel polyphenol: 2.0 mg/mL (m/V), molar concentration of AgNO3 solution: 0.1 mmol/L, reaction time: 48 h, volume ratio of polyphenol solution to AgNO3 solution=1:9. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the -OH on the benzene ring participated in the synthesis of the AgNPs. The nanoparticle size and zeta potential analyses indicated that the synthesized AgNPs showed good dispersion with a small particle size (70~130 nm) and negative charge. The transmission electron microscopy images and energy dispersive spectra demonstrated that the synthesized AgNPs were nearly spherical in shape, and Ag was closely surrounded by C and O with a proportion of 62.31%. Importantly, macadamia green peel polyphenol can be used as a natural reducing agent and stabilizer in the green synthesis of AgNPs, and the synthesized AgNPs display good dispersibility, which provides a new concept for the comprehensive utilization of macadamia green peel.